It is often forgotten that Islam’s relations with other religious traditions in France extend far back in history, and are rooted in a common – colonial and postcolonial – history. Nevertheless, over the course of the past few years, the cultural and territorial solidarities that once prevailed are receding into the background, while traditional interreligious dialogue is increasingly being replaced by renewed ‘interconvictional’ activity. Yet Muslim-Catholic relations have never really ceased, and it is worthwhile noting how the preference of Muslim actors in civil society seems to be for the Catholic model of social insertion and action.