Beginning in 1602, Henri IV had to face discontentment among the nobles, centered around a variety of matters, among them the Duke de Biron’s complot and the conspiracy of the D’Entragues family. The years 1602-1606 were also marked by the rebellion of the Protestant Marshal Henri de La Tour d’Auvergne, Duke de Bouillon. Although the duke’s rebellion has long been considered a matter of “professional discontentment”, this article argues that his acts were rather dictated by a variety of different reasons. A study of his career, as well as his relationship with the king of France, the nobility, and the Protestant princes, allows us to examine this quarrel from a religious, political, and social perspective.